今年试题主要考查同学的语言基本素质。在考察基本知识和基本能力（双基）的前提下，部分试题命制灵活，是考生获得高分的“拦路虎”。比如，完形填空41和47题、阅读理解D篇第70题，书面表达… …

高考命题指引高中课堂教学的训练方向，对教师提出了更高的要求。单凭背单词，划词组，串文章大意的教法不能有效帮助同学赢取高分。

今年北京卷“书面表达”值得一提。目前，“书面表达”题型已经固定。“书面表达”要求考生写两篇作文，第一篇是“情景作文”，由四幅图组成，计20分；第二篇是“开放作文”，计15分。

“情景作文”要求考生用英文描述日常学习生活，掌握诸多常见物体、活动的英文表达法。这些表达法往往带有“中国特色”，是需要平时刻意积累的。另外，为了得高分，考生还需要掌握句法运用技巧和标点符号的使用规则。想要获得上述能力，不能单凭背诵《新概念英语》，而必须接受系统地写作训练。

“开放作文”对考生的要求更高。“开放作文”实质就是“看图议论”：要求考生描述一幅图，并就图画内容展开议论。“开放作文”不但需要考生具有英语作文能力，还需要考生初步掌握“发散思维”的技巧。

总之，北京高考试卷对高三英语的教与学提出更高要求，需要引起每一名高三师生的重视。

  高三英语教学反思：

高三英语教学应该围绕“阅读”和“写作”两大环节展开。

高三阶段要重视“阅读”教学。教师应系统训练学生的阅读能力，帮助学生理解英语原文的意思，特别训练学生既能读懂表面文字，也能看透作者内心。许多考生觉得今年第4篇阅读不好懂，第70题不好选，原因就在于平时没有接受正确训练。

高三阶段尤其要重视“写作”教学。教师应系统训练学生的英文表达能力，由浅入深，逐步提高学生的“选词能力”、“句法能力”、“行文逻辑连贯能力” … …

遗憾地是，当前中学课堂没有开展写作教学。教师仅仅布置一些范文，让同学课下自己背诵，这是“耽误学生”的低效教法，亟待纠正。

请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。

In an English speech competition, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the judges how you understand it.

“开放作文”的命题方式是让考生根据一幅图画，在描述图画信息之余，发挥自己的想象，展开简单的议论。北京市的“开放作文”和全国硕士研究生入学考试的英语作文有点像。现在，北京市“开放作文”倾向于“就图论事”，和04年的“续写型开放作文”有很大差异。

首先提醒同学：不要花太多时间挖掘图画深意！英语作文不看重你的思想厚度，而看重你的语言质量。

开放作文有明显的套路可循。“开放作文”只要求你做两件事情，一件是描述图画（describe the following picture），另一件是阐述你对图画的看法（explain how you understand it）。相应地，你只需要写两个段落，一段是“描述段”，另一段是“议论段”。

首先，我要告诉大家，“议论”段的首句有个固定的句式，即：In my opinion, the picture is meaningful and wonderful as well.

接着，我们谈谈“描述段”的写法。第一句可以使用如下句式： In the picture, there is… … “描述段”的功能就是传达图画中的信息，向读者交代图画内容，所以必能使用“there be”句型。另外，“描述段”的另一个功用即：为第二段的议论埋下伏笔。

接下来写“议论段”。该段首句是套话，为了多凑些字数。

如何发议论呢？所谓议论，就是根据图画信息，表达你的看法、感想。同学不必过深地挖掘图画信息，你只需用简单的英文，表达平易的道理。换句话说，只要你能用正确的英文表达你的感想，便赢得了胜利。

比如，看完这幅图画，我就想到：面露得意之色的圆规（a pair of compasses）仅仅原地打转，裹足不前（go around in a circle）。而铅笔奋力前行（puts its efforts into drawing a long line），进取精神可嘉。我们应该学习铅笔的进取精神（follow the pencil in working hard）。成功路漫漫，他人业已上路（have taken the road），我们也不可蹉跎岁月（stay behind to have an easy life）。总之，铅笔告诉我们如何过得充实（how to lead a full life）。

想到这里，便可写出“描述段”和“议论段”：

In the picture, there is a pair of compasses and a hard-working pencil.  The compasses go around in a circle.  As a result, the compasses stay behind the pencil which puts his efforts into drawing a long line.  The long line is the pencil’s road to success.

In my opinion, the picture is meaningful and wonderful as well.  The picture shows that we should follow the pencil in working hard.  There is a long road to success; we should not stay behind to have an easy life when the others have taken the road.  Therefore, the hard-working pencil is a good example of how to lead a full life. 

（约110字）

注：

为了在第二段抒发议论，我在第一段埋设伏笔（如使用a hard-working pencil, go around in a circle, stay behind, put his efforts into, road to success等词语，这些词语在第二段亦有所体现）。“埋伏笔”是写好开放作文的必备武器。

另外，第二段第②句是主题句（The picture shows…），最后一句是由therefore引导的结论句。

我在这篇开放作文中，“刻意”展示了写作基本功：比如使用“分号”和“定语从句”。

假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为校刊英语园地写一篇题为“Our Spring Outing” 的英文稿件。 请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，叙述上周你们班从准备春游到春游结束的完整过程。

    注意：   词数不少于60。 提示词： 游乐园   amusement park       垃圾箱   bin

考生的写作任务是“记叙”春游的全过程。其实，“记叙”就是“讲故事”。讲故事，就必须交代“时间（when）”、“地点（where）”、“人物（who）”。题目交代了春游时间是“上周（last week）”，因此本文的动词应该是“过去时态”。考生接下来要交代“地点（where）”和“人物（who）”。地点显然是山里。人物是全班同学（class members）。

试题已经提示“春游”的英文表达即“spring outing”，因而减轻了考生的心理负担。spring可以和名词搭配，如“春花= spring flowers”。

先看第一幅图：班上开会讨论春游方案（the class members meet to discuss the spring outing plan）。挺多地方可去（a lot of interesting places for our spring outing）。同学们各自发表意见（put forward suggestions for spring outing），讲了三个去处，分别是“去游乐场（go to an amusement park）”，“去公园划船（go boating on the lake in a public park）”和“山间漫步（walk in the mountains）”。最终，大伙选择去 walk in the mountains。

接下来，看第二幅图，该图要求考生描述“爬山”的场景：一大早（in the early morning），我们就去爬山，呼吸新鲜的空气（walk in the mountains to enjoy the fresh mountain air）。

接着看第三幅图，该图要求考生描述“爬山”时碰到的情况：到了山上（at the hilltop），大伙发现（we make an unexpected find）有很多垃圾（there is rubbish left around everywhere），如香蕉皮、空瓶子、面包屑等（banana skins, empty bottles and food waste）。为了保持环境整洁（to keep this site beautiful），大伙一齐捡垃圾（collect rubbish）。

最后是第四副图，该图表明春游以倾倒分类垃圾告终：下山时（come down the mountains），见一对可回收垃圾箱和不可回收垃圾箱（there are two bins; one of them is used for recyclable waste and the other for non-recyclable）。于是将山上垃圾分成两堆（sort the rubbish out into two piles），分别扔进垃圾箱（put sth. in each bin）。请同学注意each的用法：each表示“每一个”，后面必须跟单数。

整理四副图的文字，经过时态调整、句型安排后，有如下9句话组成的范文：

①I am Li Hua in Grade One, Senior Three.  ②Last week, the class members met to discuss the spring outing plan.  ③We put forward suggestions for spring outing, such as going to an amusement park, going boating on the lake in a public park, or walking in the mountains.  ④In the end, we chose to walk in the mountains.  ⑤Next day, we walked in the mountains to enjoy the fresh mountain air.  ⑥When we were at the hilltop, we made an unexpected find: there was rubbish left around everywhere, such as banana skins, empty bottles, and food waste.  ⑦To keep this site beautiful, we started to collect rubbish.  ⑧Coming down the mountains, we found two bins.  ⑨One of them was used for recyclable waste and the other for non-recyclable; thus, we sorted the rubbish out into two piles and put them in each bin.                 

                                                    （约140字）

注：

第⑥句展示了“冒号（：）”的用法，请注意模仿。我再造个例句：

There is no point in worrying: bad things are sure to happen.

第⑨句展示了“分号（；）”的用法，请同学模仿。我再造个例句：

All these years Tom has been working hard; hence, it is clear that he deserves rich rewards.

  rich rewards：丰厚回报

第⑧句的coming down the mountains是分词结构，相当于when we came down the mountains

同学切记，你们在高考英语作文时要“刻意”展示写作基本功：比如自如使用标点符号；灵活运用如“分词结构”等语法现象。

2. 坚守岗位: We are supposed to/should go to work on time and keep up the good work.

3. 介绍中国历史和文化: We may talk with foreign friends about Beijing, which may serve as an excellent introduction to Chinese culture and history.

简化版本：We may talk with foreign friends about Chinese culture and history.

补充：China has a rich and colorful history.  There are many sites which are worth seeing.  The Great Wall may give foreign friends a sense of history.   

4. 避免不得体的言行: We can make foreigners feel at home with our friendly manner.  We should not act in an unpleasant/unfriendly manner. 

5. 不损害祖国的形象: We should act in a friendly manner so foreigners will feel that everything in China is lovely.

6.充满信心、快乐高三: In Senior Three, I get everything ready for my studies at college.  My high school life in Senior Three is full and happy.  Although I am under pressure to prepare exams, I still find time to relax, listen to soft/sweet music and do physical activities.

7. 一进学校大门，是一个花园。花园后面是教学楼。教学楼左边是图书馆，右边是商店。As soon as you enter through the large school gate, you may find yourself in a flower garden.  Behind the lovely garden is a fine school building.  At the left-hand side of the building is a school library where we spend most of our free time studying core subjects.  At the right-hand  side of the building is a small store where students buy some food and drink. 

简化版本：Enter through the large school gate and you will find a flower garden.  A school building is behind the garden.  At the left-hand side of the building is a school library while at the right-hand side of the building is a small store.

8. 办公大楼前面是食堂。

In front of the office building, there is a large dining room which serves excellent home-prepared cooking / seats up to 300 high school students.

简化版本：In front of the office building there is a large dining room.

或者：There is a large dining room in front of the office building.

课下，大家要强记信文。你们必须习得英语写作技能！不仅要在高考第II卷拿到35分，更要享受超越众人的outstanding career！

所以，务必将本信置于衣袋，每日反复揣摩、强记、learn the letter by heart…

久而久之，你们就能体会英文写作的趣味！

 一、某位同学的议论部分：

 The picture shows that there should be less home work.  Because students should make some hosework help mother but a lot of homework stop to them make hosework.  Therefore, I hope that my teacher will give me less homework in future.

点评：

The picture shows that there should be less home work（默地挺好，可惜有个错字）.  Because students should make some hosework（错字） help mother but a lot of homework stop to them make（stop sb. from doing sth.） hosework.（本句出现两个连接词because和but因此系错句。）  Therefore, I hope that my teacher will give me less homework in future.（结论句默地好！）

二、某位同学的议论部分：

  The picture shows that there should be less homework. 

  I feel tired after one day at school.  Although my mother is tired after work, she has to do much housework.  I want to help her and housework is a fun activities.  The activities help me relax and forget my problems. 

  After all I holp that teachers will give us less homework on saturday and sunday in future.

点评：

The picture shows that there should be less homework. 

  I feel tired after one day at school（缺句号）  Although my mother is tired after work, she has to do much housework.  I want to help her and housework is a fun activities（a与s怎能同炉）.  The activities help me relax and forget my problems. 

  After all I holp（笔误） that teachers will give us less homework on saturday and sunday in future.（两处笔误）

（主题句和结论句各自为政、各立门户，应避免之）

三、某位同学的议论部分：

  The picture shows that school shouldn’t throws books on kids.  I come home everyday.  The schoolwork so much more that I didn’t watch TV, play computer, have a good rest.  There for I hope not have schoolwork.

点评：

The picture shows that school shouldn’t throws books on kids（利用了阅读文章中的字汇，值得表扬）.  I come home everyday.（这句话无意义，不必写。英文写作一个忌讳就是写“无功能”空话。你如果提及“走读”，那就要渲染之。我试笔如下：As a day student, I go home by bus Monday through Friday.  After school, I rush to the bus stop and wait the bus with many people around.  The bus is always packed at 6 p.m., so the bus journey is not easy.  I have to go sixteen stops along the line, and then change to anther bus.  I arrive home after a three-hour journey by bus; at last I put down my heavy schoolbag, drink up two cups of water and lie in bed.）  The schoolwork so much more that I didn’t watch TV, play computer, have a good rest.（缺is，另外，并不平行呀）  There for（合写，缺逗号） I hope not have schoolwork.（hope后面应该是完整的句子，而not have schoolwork非句子也） 

四、某位同学的议论部分：

  In my opinion, the picture is wonderful and meaningful as well.  This picture shows that the students have a lot of textbooks to read and they are too many to the students. The heavy schoolwork have forced the children becoming thinner and losing their childhoods.  Thus, we should make our school study easier and happier.

点评：

In my opinion, the picture is wonderful and meaningful as well.  This picture shows that the students have a lot of textbooks to read and they are too many to the students.（原句不通，且看我的改动：the students are given too many textbooks to read at night.  For example, it takes me four whole hours at night to read the textbooks.  Before bed I like going for a long walks with Tiff, my pet puppy.  However, before I begin the second half of the late-night reading, Tiff has been dreaming on the floor!）  The heavy schoolwork have（笔误） forced the children（应是force sb. to do sth.） becoming thinner and losing their childhoods（直接长胡子啦？childhood后面不加s）（可改成lose the happiness of one’s childhood或lose the sweet memories of one’s childhood）.  Thus（更正式的说法是therefore）, we should make our school study easier and happier. （原句不通，且看我的改动：We should make our school life enjoyable. 或者We should get a great deal of enjoyment from school life.）

Note: before bed = before I go to sleep = 睡觉前

Tiff has been dreaming on the floor = Tiff has fallen asleep on the floor

五、某位同学的议论部分：

  In my opinion, the picture is wonderful and meaningful as well.  The schoolgirl just like me.  I always have so much schoolwork that I’m too busy to do something which I like, such as watching TV, haveing fun activities—play team games with my friends.  Our students are judged by exam results so we have to study hard and carry a heavy bag everyday.  I hope we can have a relaxing learning someday.

点评：

  In my opinion, the picture is wonderful and meaningful as well.  The schoolgirl just like me.（like me？于是改成：The little girl is given too much homework.  I have been in the situation like this.）  I always have so much schoolwork that I’m too busy to do something which I like, such as watching TV, haveing fun activities—play team games with my friends.  Our students are judged by exam results so we have to study hard and carry a heavy bag everyday.  I hope we can have a relaxing learning someday.（原句不通，relaxing一般用来形容气候，而且是贬义词，作“令人无精打采的”解。且看我的改动：If the amount of homework is suitable for students, most of them may enjoy their studies.  Therefore, I hope that in future teachers will give us less homework.）

六、某位同学的议论部分：

The picture is wonderful and meaningful as well. The picture shows that students have a lot of course to study, thinking many questions. As a student, we must have studyed, but we shouldn’t have this a lot.  We can see she is so little that she can’t receive these things. Through this picture, we can image if you order than her, what is like you will? And she is sure the woman carrys this bag can lose weight. In my opinion, we could have suit of everyone’s course. Then this things will be stopped.

点评：

首先（To begin with），我从“宏观”切入，该文主题句（Topic Sentence）是The picture shows that students have a lot of course to study, thinking many questions. 但其结论句（Conclusion）却是In my opinion, we could have suit of everyone’s course. Then this things will be stopped.  主题句和结论句不合。

接着（Next），我从“微观”切入。

原文“The picture shows that students have a lot of course to study, thinking many questions”中的“many”最好换成a lot of，因为在肯定句中，用a lot of比用many更自然。（注：In written English, many is used especially in phrases such as in many ways, in many places, and in many cases.）

course是可数名词，其常见搭配是take a course

如果非要用study表达“有很多课程要学”，则可写成：study too many subjects at school

thinking many questions不合文法，记得think about sth.这一表达吗？

如何表述“想很多问题”呢？不妨先头脑风暴一下！

我先试疯：use my mind to solve a lot of problems, understand a lot of words and remember important things that have happened in the past……爽吧？

疯毕，又冒出短语spend + 时间 + doing sth.

于是，修改后的完整句子即：

Although I study a lot of subjects at school, I am given a lot of homework.  I have to spend four whole hours at night doing my homework, solving a lot of problems, and learning useful information by heart.

原句“As a student, we must have studyed, but we shouldn’t have this a lot.”不通，studyed系笔误。“must have + 过去分词”，表示“必然完成某事”。

我揣测该生的意图是想表达“作为学生，我们必须学习，但是学业负担不可过分”，因此我有如下的句子：

As a student, I need to work hard and do my homework.  However, my teachers always give me too much homework.  I do not go to bed until a late hour.  It is all homework: necessary or unnecessary.  My teachers usually cross the line and I do not understand that.  After all, I feel dizzy and tired after finishing the late-night work.

原句“We can see she is so little that she can’t receive these things.”的意思似乎是说“我们能看出她太小，不能接受这些事情”吧？receive these things有问题。

receive通常指“从（官方）获得”，如She received an honorary degree from Harvard.

或指“收到（信）”，如I’m sorry I didn’t reply earlier, but I’ve only just received your letter.

我建议采用如下表达：

Although she is in her teens, the little girl is given late-night homework.  The heavy load of homework keeps the girl from having happy memories of her childhood at school.

或将上句合二为一成：

Although she is in her teens, the little girl is given a heavy load of homework which keeps her from having happy memories of her childhood at school.

原句“Through this picture, we can image if you order than her, what is like you will? And she is sure the woman carrys this bag can lose weight.”中，image, carrys系笔误，且另有其他语病，如“And she is sure the woman carrys this bag can lose weight.”应改为：

The little schoolgirl is sure that the woman can lose weight by carrying the heavy schoolbag.

原句“In my opinion, we could have suit of everyone’s course. Then this things will be stopped.”的意思似乎是说“依我看，我们可以有适合每一个人的课程。那么，这些事情可以被制止。”先检讨一下suit的用法：n.: a diving suit 

v.: The cap suits you.

再检讨一下stop的用法：n.: I get off at the stop 

v.: stop a car / stop talking / stop him from getting into trouble

最后，我建议将原句改为：

In my opinion, the schoolwork should be suitable for pupils.  After all, it is not impossible for teachers to give pupils a good experience at school.

下面的分析文本全部摘自你们的习作。我愿和你们共同探讨、共同进步。

众所周知，在学习英语的过程中，写作是最难掌握的技能。国内高中生、大学生虽有千万之众，但能写出通顺的英文文章者，寥寥无几。

掌握高端技艺者，可谓稀缺人才！所以，请大家鼓起勇气，振作起来，坚持不懈地练习！

下面段落是班里某位同学的议论部分节选：

In my opinion, the picture is wonderful and meaningful as well.  This picture shows that teacher give you too much homeworks.  Therefore, I hope teacher will give me less homework in future at night and I want to do housework instead of homework, because my Mum was worn out after work everyday.  I must afford housework.

点评：主题句（Topic Sentence）和结论句（Conclusion）之间缺乏过渡部分（Development）。另外，结论句太庞杂。

afford：买得起；承担得起。例句：He can afford a car.或I cannot afford two hours away from homework at night. 在晚上，我无法抽出两个小时不做作业。

值得表扬的是，该生使用了be worn out（= be so tired that you cannot do anything）这一表达。

不要混淆housework（= jobs you do to keep your house clean）和homework（= schoolwork that you do at home），这两个词语都是[n U]。

我猜测该生最后一句：I must afford housework.的意图是想表达“我必须承担家务”这个意思。但是英文是错误的。这个概念的英语写法是：As the eldest kid of her, I must help with the housework.

接着，再看下面段落，是另一位同学的议论部分节选：

  In my opinion, the picture is wonderful and meaningful as well.  This picture shows that now we have a lot of burden to pull.  Everyday we go to school, carry a schoolbag, in desperate need of playing.  A student should has a happy childhood instead of his heavier schoolbag.

  点评：有主题句（Topic Sentence），但缺乏明显的结论句。

该生使用了几个难词，比如burden, pull, desperate等。可惜，都出了差错。

burden有“重担（heavy load）”之意。“背负重担”即：carry /shoulder a heavy burden

My homework is becoming a burden. = 家庭作业正渐渐成为我的负担。= I have to carry /shoulder the heavy burden of homework.

由于某个物体重得扛不动（too heavy to carry），所以才会拉动（pull）或拖动（drag）。比如：The bag is too heavy to carry, so I have to pull /drag it along the floor /ground.

我猜测该生主题句中的…we have a lot of burden to pull的意图是想表达“我们有太多的负担去拉动”这个意思。但是英文是错误的。这个概念的英语写法是：…we have a lot of burden to carry /shoulder

如果你想同时保留burden和pull二字，得想想点子。且看我的点子：This picture shows that there should be less homework.  The burden of my homework is so heavy that I have been having the unpleasant dream—I tired my best to pull a load of textbooks and notebooks up a hill.  I still felt tired when I woke up next morning. 

不用掌握desperate一字，但可以了解be in great need of sth. / to do sth.这一表达。比如：They are in great need of water / to have a cup of water.

  该生在写“need of playing”时，大概想表达“需要活动玩耍”的意思。这种英文是符合文法的。不过，一般英文中很少这么写，很少单薄地使用play一字。英语中含有play的句子常常这么写：There is a time to play as well as to work.（除了干活之外，还有玩的时间。） 或 There is a lovely boy playing in the garden. 

建议采用英文in great need to do interesting activities /of doing interesting activities来表示“需要活动玩耍”。另外，为了创造“头韵”修辞效果，可以将do interesting activities写成do attractive activities，要知道，interesting = attractive = 有趣的

“07系列高考英语作文点评”的读者是那些刚刚结束07年高考的同学，以及今后将要参加高考的同学。我在点评时，尽可能多给同学一些技术性指导（show practical skills needed in the exam.）。再者（what’s better），我公开了自己的范文，供同学们模仿。

◆ 作文精析

北京市高考英语有两篇作文，总分值计35分。其中，第一篇是“情景作文”，计20分。第二篇是“开放作文”，计15分。本文精析的是“情景作文”。

“情景作文”的命题方式是让考生根据一系列图画，就特定话题展开“记叙文”写作。现在，北京市“情景作文”倾向于采用书信形式，考核同学是否能写好“记叙文”。首先提醒同学：不要遗漏图画中传递的细节信息，如数字、姓名、性别等等。

2007年“情景作文”试题照录如下：

   假设你是李华，要给英国笔友Harry写封信，介绍你班两位同学竞选班长的过程。请按下图顺序描述。

注意：1. 信的开头已为你写好。

      2. 词数不少于60。

提示词：竞选班长 monitor election

试题配有四幅图片，我用文字简单描述如下：

图一：竞选班长的两位候选人分别是刘东和王红，他（她）们在投票前发表演说。

图二：班级投票

图三：经过唱票，刘东获15票，王红获28票，王红成功当选班长。

图四：王红站在教室前，接受同学鼓掌祝贺。

在试题下方，已经给出了信件的开头和结尾。考生只需补全第二段文字。

Dear Harry,

How are things going?

Last Monday,（请写在答题卡指定区域内）

Best wishes,

Li Hua

可见，考生的写作任务是“记叙”整个竞选过程。其实，“记叙”就是“讲故事”。讲故事，就必须交代“时间（when）”、“地点（where）”、“人物（who）”。

题目在第二段已经交代了竞选时间是“上周一（last Monday）”，因此本文的动词应该是“过去时态”。考生接下来要交代“地点（where）”和“人物（who）”。

假如试题没有提示“竞选班长”的英文，考生也不必慌张：可以使用如decide和choose等简单动词表达“竞选班长”吗，将第二段首句写成：Last Monday, our class decided to choose our monitor.  其实，在口语里，班长被称为“class president”。

不过，既然试题已经交代了“竞选班长”的英文，不妨利用之，将第二段首句写成：Last Monday, our class held a monitor election.  同学需掌握hold的用法，hold有“召开（会议）= cause a meeting to take place”之意。

接着，考生要描述第一幅图画，交代竞选人物的姓名，以及他们两人的行为。考生可以写：参加竞选的分别是谁和谁，他们都发表了竞选演说。英文即：My friends Liu Dong and Wang Hong took part in the monitor election.  Each of them made a speech to invite our support.  注意each of them的用法。

为了使作文饱满，考生还可以叙述一下两人的性别、演讲的内容。这就需要考生发挥相象力，并具备扎实的英文基础。比如考生可以接着写：Liu Dong was a school boy and he said, “If I become the monitor, I will organize a class trip to some nice places.”  你看，这个句子表明你能够正确使用“直接引语”，让判卷人眼前一亮。很多考生不敢使用直接引语，导致作文句式单调。其实，这个句子还可以美化成更地道的句子：Liu Dong was a school boy and he said, “I will, if I become the monitor, organize a class trip to some nice places.”

接下来，要记叙另一位竞选者。你可以写：Wang Hong was a school girl.  She told us that she would ask Mr. Li to help us study English.  “Mr. Li”是谁呢？需要补充说明（如：Mr. Li was a well-known teacher.），这就有了“定语从句”的用武之地。原来，“Mr. Li”的出现是为了向判卷人展现“定语从句”。

因此，把“定语从句”合并到上句后，即：Wang Hong was a school girl.  She told us that she would ask Mr. Li, who was a well-known teacher, to help us study English at the weekend.  根据“定语从句”的简化规则，可以将本句简化成更漂亮的句子：Wang Hong was a school girl.  She told us that she would ask Mr. Li, a well-known teacher, to help us study English at the weekend.  “a well-known teacher”被称为“同位语从句”。

接下来，班级要投票了。英语写作一定要有“过渡词”的概念。这个概念非常关键。英语时间“过渡词”有：meanwhile, later, then, at that moment, soon等等。

我们可以选用later，过渡到下一幅图。如图所示，同学写下心仪的班长候选人，再将纸条放进投票箱。英文即：Later, every student in the class decided his or her ideal monitor by writing down Liu Dong or Wang Hong on a piece of paper.  这句英文记叙得很具体，很直观。当然，同学也可以采用“粗线条”写法，如：Later, we voted for the monitor.

接下来是唱票环节。可以接着写：The number of students who wrote down Wang Hong was 28, while there were 15 students who wrote down Liu Dong on paper.  注意，the number of作主语时，动词是单数。

同学还可以把上面这个句子改写成：The number of students who wrote down Wang Hong was 28; on the other hand, there were 15 students who wrote down Liu Dong on paper.  注意，这么写，是为了向判卷人展现“分号”后的首字母要小写，以及使用过渡词（on the other hand）的意识。

接着，需要揭晓竞选结果，同学应该想到常用来揭示结局的过渡词，如as a result, therefore, so, thus等等。我推荐使用as a result这个短语。同学可以写：As a result, Wang Hong won and she became our new monitor. 

在最后一幅图，王红站在教室前，同学们掌声欢呼她当选班长。即：Smiling, Wang Hong stood in the front of the classroom and the whole class gave her shouts of joy, support and encouragement.  注意，smiling是分词，其逻辑主语是王红。另外，注意短语in front of和in the front of的差异。

记叙完四幅图画后，别忘再添一句，好让这封信读起来有头有尾。为了再此表现你对英语句子的掌控能力，最后一句不妨来个“设问”：Harry, what do you think of the election?

最后，整理上面各句，该篇作文全景如下：

Dear Harry,

How are things going?

Last Monday, our class held a monitor election.  My friends Liu Dong and Wang Hong took part in the monitor election.  Each of them made a speech to invite our support.  Liu Dong was a school boy and he said, “I will, if I become the monitor, organize a class trip to some nice places.”  Wang Hong was a school girl.  She told us that she would ask Mr. Li, a well-known teacher, to help us study English at the weekend.  Later, every student in the class decided his or her ideal monitor by writing down Liu Dong or Wang Hong on a piece of paper.  The number of students who wrote down Wang Hong was 28; on the other hand, there were 15 students who wrote down Liu Dong on paper.  As a result, Wang Hong won and she became our new monitor.  Smiling, Wang Hong stood in the front of the classroom and the whole class gave her shouts of joy, support and encouragement.  Harry, what do you think of the election?                               

Best wishes,

Li Hua

补充说明： “句式灵活”是高分的必备技能。有关此技能（如“将短句合并成长句”、“闪光词美化句子”…）的训练，参见李岑著：《10天驾驭高中语法》，社会科学文献出版社，2006年版。

“07系列高考英语作文点评”的读者是那些刚刚结束07年高考的同学，以及今后将要参加高考的同学。我在点评时，尽可能多给同学一些技术性指导（show practical skills needed in the exam.）。再者（what’s better），我公开了自己的范文，供同学们模仿。

◆ 作文精析

北京市高考英语有两篇作文，总分值计35分。其中，第一篇是“情景作文”，计20分。第二篇是“开放作文”，计15分。本文精析的是“开放作文”。

“开放作文”的命题方式是让考生根据一幅图画，在描述图画信息之余，发挥自己的想象，展开简单的议论。北京市的“开放作文”和全国硕士研究生入学考试的英语作文有点像。现在，北京市“开放作文”倾向于“就图论事”，和04年的“续写型开放作文”有很大差异。

首先提醒同学：不要花太多时间挖掘图画深意！英语作文不看重你的思想厚度，而看重你的语言质量。

2007年“开放作文”试题照录如下：

  请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。

  In your English class, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to your classmates how you understand it.

试题配有一幅图片，我用文字简单描述如下：树上的一个鸟巢，巢中一只鸟儿，巢外有一群小鸟飞向远方。

开放作文有明显的套路可循。“开放作文”只要求你做两件事情，一件是描述图画（describe the picture），另一件是阐述你对图画的看法（explain how you understand it）。

但是，我建议考生，在“描述”和“阐述”之间，添加一个“过渡”。也就是说，“开放作文”应该分为三段，分别是“描述”、“过渡”、“阐述”。

先说“描述段”，同学可以写：In the picture, there is a nest in a tall tree.  In the nest there is a mother bird.  She is watching a group of little birds who are flying away. 

“描述段”的功能就是传达图画中的信息，向读者交代图画内容，所以本段必将用到“there be”句型。同学切记，在“描述段”中，无需搀杂议论、情绪或评价。

接下来就是“过渡段”，“过渡段”可以是一句万能的套话，如：在我看来，这幅图很棒，而且颇有意蕴。英文即：As far as I am concerned, the picture is both meaningful and wonderful.  或还能写成：In my opinion, the picture is meaningful and wonderful as well.  可见，“过渡段”扮演了承上启下的角色：wonderful呼应第一段，meaningful引出第三段。

最后，我们将进入“阐述段”。所谓阐述，就是评价图画信息，并表达你的感想。同学不必过深地挖掘图画信息，你只需用简单的语言，讲出平易、平实的道理。

有同学认为这幅图画表现了母亲对外出子女的关切，正所谓“儿行千里母担忧”；有同学认为这幅图表现了母亲看到子女独立生存时的幸福与骄傲；还有同学认为这幅图表现了子女的不安份，非要离家出走，好奇外面的世界。

无论同学对这幅图怎么看，只要你能用正确的英文表达你的评价，那就赢得了考试胜利。由于是写英文，不是写中文，所以同学必须把你的感悟“弱智化”。

比如，我认为这幅图画传达了以下观点：孩子不能总呆在家里，而应出远门，看看外面的世界、去外面闯一闯、到外面上上学。这样才能广结善缘，拥抱五彩的人生。

想到这里，英文就有了：The picture shows that we should not stay home forever.  We should go to some places that are far from where we live.  We may do so for a holiday, business or study.  If you make a journey from your home to another place, you may make friends with people and have an interesting, exciting life.  注意，本段最后一个and相当于as a result，取“因此、于是”之意。

最后，整理上面各句，该篇作文全景如下：

In the picture, there is a nest in a tall tree.  In the nest there is a mother bird.  She is watching a group of little birds who are flying away. 

As far as I am concerned, the picture is both meaningful and wonderful.

The picture shows that we should not stay home forever.  We should go to some places that are far from where we live.  We may do so for a holiday, business or study.  If you make a journey from your home to another place, you may make friends with people and have an interesting, exciting life. 

补充说明： “句式灵活”是高分的必备技能。有关此技能（如“将短句合并成长句”、“闪光词美化句子”…）的训练，参见李岑著：《10天驾驭高中语法》，社会科学文献出版社，2006年版。

同学们要仔细阅读全部文字。我为很多文字配备了英语表达。

比如在这篇文章中，“学校组织同学参观动物园”后面的“We took a school trip to the zoo.”就是相应的英语表达。同学将学会用“took a school trip”表达“学校组织同学参观”。

通过“他们自驾六小时汽车，才到达长城”后面的“They arrived in the Great Wall after a six-hour journey by car.”，同学将学到英语表达的技巧：用“after”表达“才…”。

在本文，我将教给同学如何表达“泛舟对岸，惬意非常”、“出远门”、“败兴之旅”、“游走时光”……

同学们要多多积累表达，留心表达技巧。坚持下去，你英语作文进步之快，恐怕连自己都不敢相信。 

今天，我跟同学们谈谈“旅行（JOURNEY）”。

旅行就是出远门（go a long way）。旅行就是一段游走时光（Journey is the time during which you travel from one place to another.）。

注意！不能把“外出旅游”说成“do a journey”，而应说成“make a journey”。在你送别人踏上旅途时，不要把“旅途愉快”说成“Good journey”，而应说成“Have a good journey”或者“Have a safe journey”。

祝愿不总能兑现；旅游不总是愉快。要赶上旅途积雪、汽车抛锚（There was heavy snow and the car broke down.），那就是“败兴之旅（an awful journey）”。

有人喜欢自驾车旅游，往往要开好几个小时才能到达目的地。比如“他们自驾六小时汽车，才到达长城。”的英文表达是：They arrived in the Great Wall after a six-hour journey by car. 注意！hour是单数。

不但人类四处游走（visit several different places），动物也四处迁移。有的鸟类每年迁移上万公里，去非洲过冬（Some birds make a 10,000-kilometre journey to Africa every winter.）。注意！kilometre是单数。

抽象地讲，旅行的过程就是出发、到达和返回这三部曲（You go to a place, stay there for a while and then come back.）。谈到旅行，同学们不该忘记trip这个字。每年，学校都会组织一些外出集体活动。像“学校组织同学参观动物园”这句话的英文可以是：We took a school trip to the zoo.

同学们看，上面的表达多么简洁！国内的英语作文范文恰无“简洁之美”。

最后，向同学们介绍一个比较时尚的出游方式：短途邮轮旅行。同学们可以在邮轮上欣赏海面风光。其实，在湖面、河流上坐船观光，也很愉快。

泛舟对岸，惬意非常（I like making a pleasant journey in a boat or ship from one side of a lake, river, or sea to the other.）。

同学们要仔细阅读全部文字。我为很多文字配备了英语表达。

比如在这篇文章中，“玩法很简单，你一看就会”后面的“The rules of the game are really easy—you will soon pick them up.”就是相应的英语表达。同学将学会用“pick them up”表达“一看就会”或“一学就会”。

通过“人生在世，经历的事情多了，就懂得规矩，明白如何对付各种事情”后面的“Because of experiences we have had in our life, we learn how we should behave or how to deal with situations.”，同学将学到英语表达的技巧：用“experiences we have had in our life”表达“人生在世，经历的事情多了…”。

 在本文，我将教给同学如何表达“公式、事件、名篇”、“下工夫”、“长记性”、“塑造自我”……

 同学们要多多积累表达，留心表达技巧。坚持下去，你英语作文进步之快，恐怕连自己都不敢相信。 

今天，我跟同学们谈谈“学习（LEARN）”。

人人都需要了解一些事情（learn about something），学会做一些事情（learn how to do something）。通过上学（by being taught or trained），我们增长了知识和见闻。  

 学习贵在少年时。因为小孩学起来相对轻松，大人们学起来相对费力（Young children learn much more easily than adults.）。一些孩子四岁开始看小人书（Some children learn to read when they are four.）。

小孩子到了上学年龄，就开始校园生活。人们在各级学校吸收知识养分（learn about a subject by reading books and going to classes at a school or university）。

在上学期间，同学发现掌握课堂内容还是要下工夫的。背诵（learn something so you can repeat it exactly without reading it）是同学们回避不了的。我们必须背诵公式、历史事件、名家名篇（We had to learn a lot of facts, words, numbers by heart when we were at school.）。注意我如何用英文表达“公式、事件、名篇”！

但是，并非所有的东西都很难掌握（However, not all things are difficult to learn.），同学会很快掌握一些东西，比如某种游戏或比赛（a form of play or sport with rules）。玩牌下棋这类游戏的规则一学就会，不用下太大的工夫（You learn the rules of these games easily, without making much effort or having lessons.）。

 同学们上学都很辛苦，同学在课下（after school），还是要做一些文体活动，下下棋，踢踢足球（play a game of chess, football, etc）。如果你请同桌一起玩牌，他推说不会玩。你可以说“玩法很简单，你看看就会”，英文即：The rules of the game are really easy—you will soon pick them up.

从学校毕业后，学生走出校园求职。有的工作岗位需要特定的技能，比如美发师、护士等岗位。因此（as a result），求职者应接受上岗前的培训（People who apply for a job should learn the skills and get the experience that they need in order to do a job.）。比如“简爱正接受美发师培训”的英文是Jane is training to be a hairdresser.

 学习无处不在，无时不在。人生在世，经历的事情多了，就懂得规矩，明白如何对付各种事情（Because of experiences we have had in our life, we learn how we should behave or how to deal with situations.）。犯错不可怕。不过，大家要长记性，避免下次再犯（You should remember mistakes you have made, and be careful not to make them again.）。正所谓“吸取教训（learn from your mistakes）”是也。